Teddy Roosevelt's Square Deal

1. 1902 COAL STRIKE

a. What steps did Roosevelt take to solve the problem? 
In order for Roosevelt to solve this problem he found a way to peacefully settle the issue. He "called both sides to the White House to talk" The dispute ended up being settled and the miners received a 10% "pay-hike" compared to the 15% they were asking for, along with a shorter work day then 9 hours, which is even better than what they asked for. 

b. Which legislation helped solve the problem?
As the book said, Roosevelt called upon both sides of the White House to figure out what they could do to solve this problem. It started with Roosevelt, but the other but the other sides of the White House also had a role in the solving of the dispute. 

2. TRUSTS

a. What steps did Roosevelt take to solve the problem? 
In order for Roosevelt to solve this problem he first realised that the Sherman Antitrust act was so vague that it was hard to use against companies her were practically robbing the public.  He also thought that not all trusts were bad, but that some of them should be regulated so that it is at least somewhat fair to the public. In 1902 he ordered the justice department to see to the Northern Securities Company, which had made a monopoly out of some northwestern railroads. By 1904, this company's monopoly had practically been destroyed. 

b. Which legislation helped solve the problem?
Seeing as Roosevelt called upon "the justice department" this would have to do with the judicial branch of government, things like the Supreme Court. 

3. UNREGULATED BIG BUSINESS

a. What steps did Roosevelt take to solve the problem? 
In order for Roosevelt to solve this problem Roosevelt set up the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) which was used to help enforce the dividing of business in a given area, so that wealthy people couldn't fix high prices for the public. The ICC didn't have much power though. Thus, Roosevelt urged congress to pass the Elkins Act in 1903 which "made it illegal  for railroad officials to give, and shippers to receive, rebates for using particular railroads. The act also specified that railroads could not change set rates without notifying the public"

b. Which legislation helped solve the problem?

The legislation that helped solve this problem is the legislative branch along with the executive because Roosevelt wanted to regulate big business, but he needed congress to pass the Elkins Act.

4. DANGEROUS FOODS AND MEDICINES

 a. What steps did Roosevelt take to solve the problem? 
In order for Roosevelt to solve this problem is that he first read "The Jungle" which although it is only a story, had true facts behind it. He had inspectors set out to the Meat Packing Factories and in 1906, he wanted the Meat Inspection Act packed, which "dictated strict cleanliness requirements for meat packers and created the program of federal meat inspection" 

b. Which legislation helped solve the problem?
Again, Roosevelt started everything, basically. He sent out inspectors, but then he needed congress's help to pass the Meat Inspection Act. So this relied on the legislative and executive branch. 


5. SHRINKING WILDERNESS AND NATURAL RESOURCES

a. What steps did Roosevelt take to solve the problem? 
In order for Roosevelt to solve this problem he set aside 148 acres of forest conservation, 1.5 million acres of water-power sites, and 80 million acres of land for geological survey and lastly 50 wildlife sanctuaries and many national parks. In addition, he named Gifford Pinchot, a professional conservationist, head of the U.S. forest service. 

b. Which legislation helped solve the problem?
The only legislation that seemed to be involved in this is the executive branch of government because Roosevelt is the one who basically did everything to help conserve the natural resources. 

6. RACIAL DISCRIMINATION

a. What steps did Roosevelt take to solve the problem? 
Roosevelt didn't do very much to solve this problem, but he did appoint an African American as the head of the custom house in Charleston, South Carolina. In addition, he invited Booker T. Washington to dinner at the White House. 

b. Which legislation helped solve the problem?
What was done about racial discrimination was pretty much only done by the executive branch of government because it was only Roosevelt doing the little things that were done. 

Explain the importance of each of the following:

7. Square Deal:                 
A term used to describe the various progressive reforms sponsored by the Roosevelt administration

8. The Jungle:
                           
A book written by Sinclair to show what conditions were like in the meat packing industries, causing the passing of the Meat Inspection Act. 
9. Upton Sinclair:           
A journalist who researched things about the human conditions in the stock yard of Chicago. This research was done for his book "The Jungle" but people mostly focused on the conditions in the meat packing workplaces rather then the human conditions in the stock yard. 

10. NAACP: 
The National Association for the Advancement of Couloured People, which was an organization that was formed because many presidents didn't do much to contribute to the advancement in treatment of people who are discriminated against. 

11. Meat Inspection Act:                          
The act passed by congress in 1906 that dictated strict cleanliness requirements for meat packers and created the program of federal meat inspection

12. Pure Food & Drug Act: 
The act passed by congress in 1906 that halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines as well as truth in the labeling of foods. 

13. Significance of the 1902 Coal Miners’ Strike: 
The actions Roosevelt took during this time proved that disputes could be settled in a peaceful manner, and basically set an example for the nation.